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Kebaya from East Sulawesi, Indonesia, c. 1946, made from bark bast cloth (TRC 2018.0042).At the end of 2022 Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, together nominated the kebaya, a woman’s blouse worn in many parts of Southeast Asia, for the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage list. The results should be heard shortly.

At first glance, you may wonder why should an object you touch be classed as intangible cultural heritage? Such a designation usually applies to music or folk stories, rather than a physical item. However, the nomination is more about the history behind the garment and how it has grown in importance in various diverse countries, rather than about an individual object.

For this blog I thought it might be interesting to add two more stories to the kebaya mix.

Hand embroidered postcard from Spain, with a scene from Valencia, mid-20th century (TRC 2019.2141).During the twentieth century, various forms of embroidered postcards were popular, notably the so-called hand embroidered postcards associated with the First World War (1914-1918). These are in fact machine embroidered (see the TRC online exhibition Silk embroidered postcards from the First World War).

But there were also postcards that were partially or entirely worked in hand embroidery. These come in two main forms, namely those relating to different countries which often have various specific forms of national dress, or general scenes of men and women, such as flamenco dancers.

Secondly, but not as common, are hand embroidered postcards depicting the Virgin Mary or a saint, artistic scenes with items such as fans and flowers, or fantasy images, such as children skating or sledging in winter scenes.

A Karen women in northern Thailand, along the border with Myanmar/Burma. Photograph by Dries Touw, 1965.

Skirt made from a hand woven, hand dyed (ikat), and hand embroidered cloth. Purchased in 1965 in Thailand from among the Karen (TRC 2023.0189).A few weeks ago we were approached by Ria Snoek, Leiderdorp, about an outfit for a married Karen woman living in Thailand, which was originally acquired by her husband, Dries Touw (1935-2021), a bryologist (a specialist in mosses).

The Karen are an indigenous ethnic group from eastern Myanmar (Burma) and western Thailand. A complete outfit is always welcome, but details emerged that make the story of this donation even more interesting.

The TRC recently acquired a small, linen and cotton sampler (TRC 2023.0185), 31 x 31 cm in size, which mentions the name of D.W. Kolman, aged 9, and the year 1867. The sampler came as part of a larger collection of textiles that were donated by a member of the Dekker family. She also kindly gave us some background infomation about the collection.

A Dutch sampler worked by D.W. Kolman aged nine, in 1867 (TRC 2023.0185).

Painting by the Portuguese artist Samão César Dórdio Gomes (1890-1976), showing two women embroidering the famous Arraiolos carpets. Photograph by the author.Various volunteers of the TRC have just been to Lisbon, Portugal (thanks to Erasmus+ funding) for a three-day workshop on the role and position of museums and other cultural institutions in society. My TRC colleagues left on Monday, but I stayed on for an extra day to go to Arraiolos, a small town east of Lisbon famous for its textiles, in particular its hand-embroidered carpets.

Arraiolos, Portugal.Last Tuesday, we  had a busy and very interesting day at the TRC, and I suspect we are going to have many more of these!

We have been host to a group from Portugal who are setting up a textile institute in Arraiolos, a city which lies about one hour drive from Lisbon, Portugal. The visitors were Filipe Rocha da Silva (artist), Cristina Maria Barrocas Dias (chemist, University of Évora), Rui Lobo, director of the Centro Interpretativo do Tapete de Arraiolos (CITA), and Silvia Pinto, the mayor of Arraiolos. It was a group with deliberately diverse backgrounds, all of whom are pushing to bring back textiles to the historic town of Arraiolos.

More specifically, they are particularly interested in the famous embroidered carpets (Tapete de Arraiolos) from the town that have been made there for over five hundred years. In the 20th century the production of these floor coverings just about died out and there is now a movement to bring them back, both as historic items and in a new (commercially viable) form. In fact, Rui Lobo is writing the entry on the Arraiolas embroidered floor coverings in volume 4 of the Bloomsbury World Encyclopedia of Embroidery, written and edited under the aegis of the TRC.

KLM Christmas jumper, 2022 (TRC 2023.0176).(Leiden, 1 February 2023) Last December, Willem and I flew with KLM to Rome for a brief holiday (and to do some textile hunting). We travelled on Christmas Day, and we were amused to see the festive clothing of the onboard KLM staff. One of the stewardesses even did a little twirl for us. Back in Holland we wrote to KLM asking whether we could have one of their Christmas garments for the TRC Collection.

The answer was positive, and yesterday we received a parcel containing a KLM Christmas jumper (TRC 2023.0176). We also received some information about the jumper, which provides some interesting details, not only about the jumper itself, but also about the process that led up to its production. The text below was written by Manon Leeuwerink, Operations Engineer at the Crew Service Hub.

Greet Verschatse and author in the Trezoor in Kortrijk, Belgium, discussing the chasuble in the foreground, attributed to Thomas Becket. Photograph by Willem Vogelsang.Willem and I have just come back from a visit to Kortrijk (Courtrai) in southwestern Belgium, a town with a long and fascinating medieval and later history. More specifically, we were there to see a late 12th century chasuble that is directly associated with the cult of Saint Thomas Becket, the British archbishop murdered in Canterbury on 29 December 1179 on the implied orders of King Henry II of England (reign: 1154-1189), which led to the famous Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer.

Last year we went to see another collection of Thomas Becket garments, namely in Sens in France. As a result of our examination of the Sens pieces, we were kindly invited by Greet Verschatse of the local Museum Texture to come and see the chasuble in Kortrijk. Their Becket chasuble is actually stored at Trezoor, a large municipal storage depot and study centre for cultural heritage, on the outskirts of the city.

Greet Verschatse is a Becket ‘fanatic’ who has been investigating for many years Becket textiles and related items that spread all around Europe as part of a huge, medieval cult of the saint. All of this resulted in an exhibition at the museum called Thomas Becket in Vlaanderen: Waarheid of legende ('Thomas Becket in Flanders: Truth or Legend') in 2000. There is a book with the same title edited by Raoul Bauer, which gives a wide range of historic and technical details.