This stitch is used to create a form of embroidery called shadow work. It was very popular in some forms of nineteenth and twentieth century embroidery, such as on embroidered silk postcards. In India, shadow work is associated with chikan work.
Source: CAULFEILD, Sophia Frances Anne and Blanche C. SAWARD (1882), The Dictionary of Needlework: An Encyclopaedia of Artistic, Plain and Fancy Needlework, London: L. Upcott Gill, p. 189.
Digital source of illustration (retrieved 7th July 2016).
GVE